मूर्खलक्षणनाम — समास 6: तमोगुण

मागां बोलिला रजोगुण । क्रियेसहित लक्षण । आतां ऐका तमोगुण । तोहि सांगिजेल ॥ १ ॥

मागल्या समासी रजोगुण क्रियेंतुन कसा व्यक्त होतो, हे लक्षणासहित सांगितले. आता तमोगुण सांगतो, तो ऐका.

Previous to these actions and attentions of the raja guna there is this `speech'. Now listen (forget everything and be that which remains ie. `speech') and the tamo guna will also become that complete and perfect atma (the tamo guna will be absorbed in this sagun `speech' and this will become that nirgun; knowledge will become no-knowledge).

संसारीं दुःखसंमंध । प्राप्त होता उठे खेद । का अद्भुत आला क्रोध । तो तमोगुण ॥ २ ॥

संसारांत दुःख भोगणे आले की, जो खेद उत्पन्न होतो किवां फार राग येतो, तो तमोगुण.

When there is the sorrow of samsar and when there arises regret, grief and torment, and when anger comes to this wondrous `all' then, that atma is tamo guna.

शेरीरीं क्रोध भरतां । नोळखे माता पिता । बंधु बहिण कांता । ताडी तो तमोगुण ॥ ३ ॥

अगांत राग शिरला की, जो आई, वडिल यांना ओळखत नाही. भाऊ, बहिण, पत्नी यांना मारतो. तो तमोगुण होय.

When within this `all' body there is an overflowing of anger then, one doesn't recognize one's mother nor one's father (mula maya/purush) and a brother, a sister and a wife are imagined (my family etc.), then that atma is tamo guna.

दुसर्‍याचा प्राण घ्यावा । आपला आपण स्वयें द्यावा । विसरवी जीवाभावा । तो तमोगुण ॥ ४ ॥

रागाच्याभरांत दुसर्‍याचा प्राण घ्यावा किंवा आपला आत्मघात करुन घ्यावा असे वाटुन आपल्या जीवाचाही विचार विसरतो, तो तमोगुण होय.

If you accept that the prana belongs to this `all', then you are naturally given yourself (ie. when you leave the thoughts then you will come to understand that, the prana inside and the wind outside are one and inseparable; this brings the understanding of knowledge, `I am everywhere, inside and outside'). But when this is forgotten then, there is the conviction of a jiva ("I am breathing") and that atma is tamo guna.

भरलें क्रोधाचें काविरें । पिश्याच्यापरी वावरे । नाना उपायें नावरे । तो तमोगुण ॥ ५ ॥

रागाचे वारे अंगांत शिरल्याने पिशाच्यासारखा दिसतो, वागतो. कोठल्याही उपायाने आवरत नाही, तो तमोगुण होय.

Then one is filled with the madness of anger and one wanders around as if possessed of a devil (ie. ego); if the `many' thoughts are not controlled by this remedy of the `all'/knowledge, then that atma is tamo guna. (The three gunas mix together and create `many' thoughts; the remedy is sattwa guna, forget everything and what remains is knowledge)

आपला आपण शस्त्रपात । पराचा करी घात । ऐसा समय वर्तत । तो तमोगुण ॥ ६ ॥

आपलाच शस्त्राने घात करतो किंवा दुसर्‍याचा घात करतो. असा प्रसंग येतो, तो तमोगुण होय.

Then you kill yourself with your own weapon or when you kill another then, at such time, that atma exists as tamo guna.

डोळां युध्यचि पाहावें । रण पडिलें तेथें जावें । ऐसे घेतलें जीवें । तो तमोगुण ॥ ७ ॥

डोळ्यांनी युद्ध पहावे. युद्ध चालू असेल तेथे जावे असे जेव्हां जीवाला वाटते, तो तमोगुण होय.

When these `eyes of understanding' want to see fighting only and `there' (brahman) goes to that place where there is conflict (the mind); when such a condition is accepted by the jiva, then that atma is tamo guna.

अखंड भ्रांती पडे । केला निश्र्चय बिघडे । अत्यंत निद्रा आवडे । तो तमोगुण ॥ ८ ॥

मन सारखे भ्रमिष्ट झालेले असते. निश्र्चय केलेला असला तरी तो टिकत नाही. सारखे झोपावेसे वाटते, तो तमोगुण होय.

Then that unbroken brahman falls into confusion and the conviction of that unbroken is broken; then one likes the great sleep of ignorance and that atma is tamo guna.

क्षुधा जयाची व्राड । नेणे कडु अथवा गोड । अत्यंत जो कां मूढ । तो तमोगुण ॥ ९ ॥

ज्याची भूक फार व ज्याला कडू, गोडयाचा कांही फरक पडत नाही. जो अति मूर्ख असतो, तो तमोगुण होय.

When the hunger of mula maya is so great that it doesn't know the difference between bitter and sweet (the world is bitter and the world beyond is sweet. But on account of your belly, you become a jiva); or when that purush is extremely dull, then that atma is tamo guna.

प्रीतिपात्र गेलें मरणें । तयालागीं जीव देणें । स्वयें आत्महत्या करणें । तो तमोगुण ॥ १० ॥

आवडते माणूस मरण पावले, म्हणुन त्याच्यासाठी जीव द्यायलानिघतो. आत्महत्या करतो, तो तमोगुण होय.

By beating your most beloved; by giving a jiva to that Reality; by making that most natural, a killer of the atma (taking yourself to be a jiva is to be a killer of the atma), then that atma has come this tamo guna.

किडा मुंगी आणी स्वापद । याचा करुं आवडे वध । अत्यंत जो कृपामंद । तो तमोगुण ॥ ११ ॥

किडा, मुंगी आणी जनावर यांना ठार मारणे आवडते. ज्याच्याजवळ कृपेचा अभाव असतो. ( जो निष्ठूर असतो.) तो तमोगुण होय.

When there are `many' insects, ants and small creatures (ie. taking yourself to be a body, you objectify and see many individual names and forms) and one is fond of such objectification then, you are a killer of this `I am' (`I am' only knows, but when you become a jiva then, you see many other creatures by giving them names and forms; previously, there had been this understanding of the `all', beyond many names and forms); when that witnessing purush gets extremely sentimental and does not remain aloft then, that atma is tamo guna.

स्त्रीहत्या बाळहत्या । द्रव्यालागीं ब्रह्महत्या । करुं आवडे गोहत्या । तो तमोगुण ॥ १२ ॥

स्त्री, बाळके यांचा वध करणारा, पैशासाठी ब्राह्मणाची हत्या करणारा, गोहत्या करण्याची आवड असलेला. तो तमोगुण होय.

The tamo guna is a killer of this woman (`all'/prakruti) and a killer of her child (the world; when you sleep ie. tamo guna, then the world goes off). When due to objecti- fication it kills the brahmin (Knower of brahman) and when that is happy to kill this cow (that which satisfies all our desires ie. knowledge), then that atma is tamo guna.

विसाळाचेनि नेटें । वीष घ्यावेसें वाटे । परवध मनीं उठे । तो तमोगुण ॥ १३ ॥

विषासारखे निंद्य पदार्थ खाण्याचे व्यसन असलेल्या मनुष्याच्या सांगण्याने विष घ्यावेसे वाटते. दुसर्‍याचा वध करावा असे मनांत वाटते. तो तमोगुण होय.

When due to the rivalry of competition ("I must win at all costs')3 one feels that one has to take the poison of this worldly existence; when the wife of another (and not prakruti) arises in the mind then, that atma is tamo guna.

अंतरी धरुनि कपट । पराचें करी तळपट । सदा मस्त सदा उद्धट । तो तमोगुण ॥ १४ ॥

मनांत कपट ठेवून दुसर्‍याचे तळपट करणारा, नेहमी मस्तवाल व उद्धट असणारा, तो तमोगुण होय.

When deceit and falsity are held in your inner space, then there is the mind and this leads to the ruin of the jiva; when that Eternal is arrogant and that Eternal is a bully then, that atma is tamo guna.

कळह व्हावा ऐसें वाटे । झोंबी घ्यावी ऐसें उठे । अंतरी द्वेष प्रगटे । तो तमोगुण ॥ १५ ॥

भांडणे व्हावीत असे वाटणारा, मारामारी करावीशी वाटणारा, मनांत द्वेष उत्पन्न होणारा, तो तमोगुण होय.

When one feels like quarrelling and there arises the thought to seize another roughly; when hatred and malice manifest in this inner space, then that atma is tamo guna.

युद्ध देखावें ऐकावें । स्वयें युद्धचि करावें । मारावें कीं मरावें । तो तमोगुण ॥ १६ ॥

युद्ध बघावेसे, ऐकावे असे वाटणारा, स्वतः युद्ध करावेसे वाटणारा, कोणालातरी मारावे किंवा मरावे, असे वाटणारा तो तमोगुण होय.

When one wants to see and hear of a fight; when one wants to go to fight; when one feels that one should kill or be killed then, that atma is tamo guna.

मत्सरें भक्ति मोडावी । देवाळयें विघडावी । फळती झाडें तोडावीं । तो तमोगुण ॥ १७ ॥

भक्ताची भक्ती मत्सराने तोडाविशी वाटणारा, देऊळे तोडावीत असे वाटणारा, फळे येत असलेली झाडे तोडाविशी वाटणारा तो तमोगुण होय.

When devotion is broken due to arrogance then, this `temple of God' (ie. knowledge) gets demolished; when one wants to cut down this `fruit bearing tree' (tree of knowledge), then that atma is tamo guna.

सत्कर्में ते नावडती । नाना दोष ते आवडती । पापभय नाहीं चित्तीं । तो तमोगुण ॥ १८ ॥

सत्कर्मे न आवडणारा, नाना प्रकारचे दोष आवडणारा, मनांत पापाची भीती नसलेला, तो तमोगुण होय.

When that does not like this pure action of the `all' and enjoys the vices of the `many' actions; when that has no *fear of sin in its mind then, that atma is tamo guna (one has accepted this body as one's own and this life as the only one). *(maharaj- the great fear of this world should come...I want nothing to do with this world)

ब्रह्मवृत्तीचा उछेद । जीवमात्रास देणें खेद । करुं आवडे अप्रमाद । तो तमोगुण ॥ १९ ॥

ब्राह्मणांचा छळ करणारा, जीवमात्रांना दुःख देणारा, मुद्दाम मोठ्या चुका करणाची आवड असलेला, तो तमोगुण होय.

When this knowing vritti of brahman is utterly demolished and there is the torment of the jiva; when one likes inattention and negligence then, that atma is tamo guna.

आग्नप्रळये शस्त्रप्रळये । भूतप्रळये वीषप्रळये । मत्सरें करी जीवक्षये । तो तमोगुण ॥ २० ॥

जो आगी लावतो, शस्त्रांनी मारामरी करतो, पिशाच्चबाधा करवितो, तो तमोगुण होय.

When there is destruction by fire (the effortless knowing of the `all' is forgotten when one begins to objectify; then there arises a feeling of a world outside that is separate from myself); when there is destruction by one's own power (when there is a feeling of one's power arising ie. learning, beauty, the arts etc); when there is destruction by the elements (becoming progressively more objective) and finally when there is destruction by the poison of this gross world (gross objectification brings `many' desires); then the jiva is destroyed by arrogance and that atma has become this tamo guna.

परपीडेचा संतोष । निष्ठुरपणाचा हव्यास । संसाराचा नये त्रास । तो तमोगुण ॥ २१ ॥

ज्याला दुसर्‍याला त्रास झाल्याने आनंद होतो, जो निष्ठुरपणेच वागतो, प्रपंचाला त्रासत नाही. तो तमोगुण होय.

When there is the satisfaction that comes from the troubles of the jiva (satisfaction and dissatisfaction are inextricably linked like pleasure and pain; and just as the troubles are imagined so too, is the satisfaction is a thought); when there is desire for cruelty and violence; when one thinks that samsar is not suffering then, that atma has become this tamo guna

भांडण लावून द्यावें । स्वयें कौतुक पाहावें । कुबुद्धि घेतली जीवें । तो तमोगुण ॥ २२ ॥

जो भांडणे लावतो व स्वतः आनंदाने ती बघतो, अशा वाईट बुद्धिने वागतो. तो तमोगुण होय.

When quarrelling is conceded then naturally, this wonder of the `all' is understood; but when the jiva accepts this false intellect of "I am so and so" then, that atma has become this tamo guna.

प्राप्त जालियां संपत्ती । जीवांस करी यातायाती । कळवळा नये चित्तीं । तो तमोगुण ॥ २३ ॥

पैसा, संपत्ती मिळाल्यावरसु्द्धा जीवांना त्रास देतो, कोणाहीबद्दल मनांत दया, कळवळा नसतो, तो तमोगुण होय.

For the acquisition of riches, many jivas have to *suffer. And if one has no concern for them in the mind then, that atma is tamo guna. *(maharaj- one rich man makes hundreds poor)

नावडे भक्ति नावडे भाव । नावडे तीर्थ नावडे देव । वेदशास्त्र नलगे सर्व । तो तमोगुण ॥ २४ ॥

ज्याला भक्ति आवड नाही, चांगले भाव आवडत नाहीत, तीर्थे आवडत नाहीत, देवही आवडत नाही, वेदशास्त्र नकोच असते, तो तमोगुण होय.

When one does not like devotion nor does one like faith; when one does not like pilgri- mage places nor does one like God; when one feels that the vedas and shasthras and this `all' are not necessary then, that atma is tamo guna

स्नानसंध्या नेम नसे । स्वधर्मीं भ्रष्टला दिसे । अकर्तव्य करीतसे । तो तमोगुण ॥ २५ ॥

स्नानसंध्या करत नाही, स्वधर्मी भ्रष्टाचाराने वागतो, करु नये तेच करतो. तो तमोगुण होय.

When one destroys the practice of prayer/sandhya (to know that space between two thoughts) and the sacred bath in the river of knowledge; when in swadharma (one's own inherent nature) one sees bewilderment and confusion; when one does that which is not one's inherent nature then, that atma is tamo guna.

जेष्ठ बंधु बाप माये । त्यांची वचनें न साहे । सीघ्रकोपी निघोन जाये । तो तमोगुण ॥ २६ ॥

मोठा भाऊ, वडिल, आई यांचे बोलणे, सांगणे आवडत नाही, सहन होत नाही. त्याच्या बोलण्याने चतकन् रागावून संताोपाने घरांतून निघून जातो, तो तमोगुण होय.

Then the elder brother (sattwa guna) and father and mother (purush/prakruti) and this divine `word' of that atma are not tolerated; then one gets suddenly angry and goes outside and gets lost (ie. takes body consciousness), then that atma is tamo guna.

उगेंचि खावें उगेंचि असावें । स्तब्ध होऊन बैसावें । कांहींच स्मरेना स्वभावें । तो तमोगुण ॥ २७ ॥

नुसतेच खाऊन-पिऊन बसावे, काहीही न करता एकाच ठिकाणी बसून रहावे, कशाचेही स्मरण ज्याला नसते, तो तमोगुण होय.

If that still and silent nirgun should eat and if that still and silent Self should exist then, though being still and silent, one has become engrossed in enjoyments and then this knowledge is not remembered by that spontaneous `all' (to not know one's Self), and that atma is tamo guna.

चेटकविद्येचा अभ्यास । शस्त्रविद्येचा हव्यास । मल्लविद्या व्हावी ज्यास । तो तमोगुण ॥ २८ ॥

चेटुक विद्येचे अभ्यास करतो, शस्त्रविद्या, मल्लविद्या शिकावीशी वाटते, तो तमोगुण होय.

When there is the practice of the knowledge of sorcery (ie. imagining); when there is the longing for the knowledge where one's power is felt (ie. learning, the arts etc.); when to that purush there comes the knowledge of physical exercises, then that atma is tamo guna.

केले गळाचे नवस । राडिबेडीचे सायास । काष्ठयंत्र छेदी जिव्हेस । तो तमोगुण ॥ २९ ॥

अंगावर मान, पाठ अशा ठिकाणी गळ अडकवण्याचा नवस, धगधगीत निखार्‍यावरुन चालणे, लाकडाच्या यंत्राने जीभ छेदून घेणे, तो तमोगुण होय.

When one makes a loud oath to God and when, by great efforts, one chains oneself down in this mire of the world; when this `machine of wood' (ie. this body is like a piece of wood without the power) extinguishes this flame of life (`I am'), then that atma is tamo guna.

मस्तकीं भदें जाळावें । पोतें आंग हुरपळावें । स्वयें शस्त्र टोंचून घ्यावें । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३० ॥

डोक्यावर खापर ठेवून त्यांत निखारे ठेवणे, पेटलेल्या काकड्याने स्वतःच्या अंगाला भाजुन घेणे, किंवा स्वतःच्या शरीराला शस्त्राने टोचून घेणे, तो तमोगुण होय.

When one places a burning pot within one's head then, this `all' body is scorched by false riches; when that spontaneous and natural accepts the torment of one's own powers ("I am great, beautiful etc."), then that atma is tamo guna.

देवास सिर वाहावें । कां तें आंग समर्पावें । पडणीवरुन घालून घ्यावें । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३१ ॥

आपले डोके देवास वाहाणे, किंवा अंग, अवयव देवास वाहाणे, किंवा कडेलोट करुन घ्यावासा वाटणे, तो तमोगुण होय.

Either you should offer your head (ie. thinking) to God or you should offer this `all' body (give up knowledge) to the Reality; but when these are taken from their peaceful place and tossed away then, that atma is tamo guna.

निग्रह करुन धरणें । कां तें टांगून घेणें । देवद्वारीं जीव देणें । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३२ ॥

धरणे धरुन देवद्वारी बसणे, किंवा देह टांगणे, देवाच्या द्वारी जीव देणे, तो तमोगुण होय.

When one holds on stubbornly to the constraints of the mind; or that Reality accepts to be `hung on the gallows' (siddharameshwar maharaj- a jiva is standing on the gallows with a noose around his neck); or though being in that sacred place of `I am', if one takes one's life then, that atma is tamo guna.

निराहार उपोषण । पंचाग्नी धूम्रपान । आपणास घ्यावें पुरुन । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३३ ॥

कांहीही न खाता उपवास करणे, आपल्या चहुकडे अग्नि पेटवून व वर सूर्य असे पंचाग्नि साधन करणे, स्वतःस उलटे टांगुन घेऊन खाली अग्नि पेटवून तो धूर घेणे म्हणजे धूम्रपान करणे, स्वतःला पुरुन घेणे, तमोगुण होय.

When one abstains from taking food and sits within the `five fires' and hangs upside down and inhales smoke (various arduous sadhanas); by such practice you allow your Self to be buried then, that atma is tamo guna.

सकाम जें कां अनुष्ठान । कां तें वायोनिरोधन । अथवा राहावें पडोन । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३४ ॥

मनांतील काहींतरी इच्छा पुरी करुन घेण्यासाठी अनुष्ठान करणे, किंवा वायू निरोधन करुन बसणे, किंवा नुसतेच पडून रहाणे, तो तमोगुण होय.

Or when this mula maya undertakes strict penance with some desire in mind; or when that Reality tries to *control the breath; or when one just lies down lazily then, that atma is tamo guna. *(One should not leave that which is natural)

नखें केश वाढवावे । हस्तचि वर्ते करावे । अथवा वाग्सुंन्य व्हावें । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३५ ॥

नखें, केस वाढवावे, हात वर करुन बसावे, किंवा न बोलताच बसावे, तो तमोगुण होय.

To let the hair and nails grow; or to hold the arms constantly high above one's head; or to stop talking totally then, that atma is tamo guna.

नाना निग्रहें पिडावें । देहदुःखें चर्फडावें । क्रोधें देवास फोडावें । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३६ ॥

नानाप्रकारे देहास पीडावे, देहाला दुःख झाल्यावर चर्फडावे, संतापाने देवास फोडून टाकावे, तो तमोगुण होय.

If one should suffer the restraint of the `many' and toss and turn with bodily pains (when one thinks that these troubles have come to me); if out of anger, one destroys God then, that atma is tamo guna.

देवाची जो निंदा करी । तो आशाबद्धि अघोरी । जो संतसंग न धरी । तो तमोगुण ॥ ३७ ॥

देवाची निंदा जोकरतो, वासनाबद्ध महाभयंकर माणूस, जो संतसंग धरत नाही, तो तमोगुण होय.

When that purush blames God (you yourself are that purush ie. God) then, that atma is bound by hopes and does `many' terrible actions; when that purush does not keep the company of the Truth, then that atma is tamo guna.

ऐसा हा तमोगुण । सांगतां तो असाधारण । परी त्यागार्थ निरुपण । कांहीं येक ॥ ३८ ॥

असा हा तमोगुण आहे. तो विलक्षण आहे. हा सोडून द्यावा म्हणुन थोडे निरुपण केले.

In these ways that thoughtless understanding of the purush has become this tamo guna. But if the meaning of *giving up/renouncement is truly understood then, the One within this `all' will remain (purush within the prakruti). *(siddharameshwar maharaj- real renunciation is the giving up of the thought of the sense objects; without this, outer renunciation is very difficult)

ऐसें वर्ते तो तमोगुण । परी हा पतनास कारण । मोक्षप्राप्तीचें लक्षण । नव्हे येणें ॥ ३९ ॥

वर्तुणुकींत तमोगुण कसा दिसतो, आढळतो, ते सांगितले. हा तमोगुण माणसाच्या अधोगतीस कारण होतो. मोक्ष मिळवून देण्याची याची योग्यता नाही.

When that atma stays as tamo guna then, that thoughtless Self gets caste down into hell and if that thoughtless understanding is not then, how can there be liberation? (that thoughtless understanding is, I do not exist)

केल्या कर्माचे फळ । प्राप्त होईल सकळ । जन्म दुःखाचें मूळ । तुटेना कीं ॥ ४० ॥

जी कर्मे माणुस करतो, त्याचे बरे-वाईट फळ मिळतेच. परंतु जन्माला येण्याचे दुःख मूळापासुन तुटत नाही. (रज व तम गुण त्या कामाचे नाहीत.)

Even if you gain this `all' through the fruit of your actions, still birth, the root of suf- fering, has not been cut out (even the knowledge of the `all' goes off and one must take birth again).

व्हावया जन्माचें खंडण । पाहिजे तो सत्वगुण । तेंचि असे निरुपण । पुढिले समासीं ॥ ४१ ॥

जन्म-मरणाचे खंडन कायमचे होण्यासाठीं सत्वगुण हवा. त्याचे निरुपण पुढील्या समासी केले आहे.

Still in order to avoid rebirth, that atma should first acquire this sattwa guna. Listen carefully, for this sagun discourse is within the composition of words ahead. .